What are the most common heart disease that are inherited by family?
Heart Diseases - 5 Answers
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clogged arteries.
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heart disease, strokes, heart attacks at an early age. This can all be prevented and easily stopped by exercise, healthy eating and taking your vitamins.
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Most common inherited heart diseases include high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) and high blood pressure (hypertension). The combination of these two can result in a stroke (bleeding in the brain) or a heart attack (lack of blood flow and oxygen to a part of the heart usually caused by clogged coronary arteries). Diabetes can also lead to heart disease. Although diabetes is an endocrine disease, it has severe effects on the integrity of blood vessels. It weakens them and prevents smooth blood flow. Hope this helps. . .
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]General Diseases and Conditions Aortic Dissection Aortic dissection is a condition that is accompanied by severe chest pain. It requires immediate medical attention and usually requires surgery. In the initial stages of aortic dissection, the inner layer of the aorta develops a tear which allows blood to escape and pool at the outer aortic wall. If not treated quickly, the outer wall can rupture, resulting in rapid blood loss. Lack of immediate medical intervention can also cause the tear to spread and block a coronary artery, which leads to myocardial infarction. Older people are at greater risk for aortic dissection, particularly if they have a history of hypertension, but younger people can develop this condition as well if they have specific inherited defects. One such inherited defect is Marfan's syndrome, which causes a weakening of the aortic wall that can lead to aortic dissection. Cardiac Arrhythmia Irregular beating of the heart, also called "arrhythmia," can show up in various ways. Patients may suffer from brief loss of consciousness ("syncope"), experience sensations of irregular or rapid heartbeats ("heart palpitations"), or feel light headed. A careful monitoring of the pulse or a routine ECG exam can detect many such forms of arrhythmias. In another form of arrhythmia—atrioventricular block—the atrial contraction is not always followed by a ventricular contraction. This causes a slow heartbeat. "Atrioventricular block" can be caused by injury to the pacemaker fibers caused by myocardial infarction or viral diseases. An abnormally long interval between the Q and the T wave (see the section on ECG) called "long QT syndrome," is another common type of arrhythmia and can occur from a variety of both inherited and non-inherited problems. An abnormally short interval between heartbeats can be caused by premature contraction of the atrium due to an irregular spread of electrical activity of the ventricle. Myocardial Infarction (MI) Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a "heart attack," occurs when a patch of heart muscle dies because of a sudden blockage of a coronary artery (coronary thrombosis). It is usually accompanied by crushing chest pain, and often by some evidence of heart malfunction. Blocking of the coronary arteries is most often due to a condition called "atherosclerosis," which is a buildup of fatty substances in the bloodstream along the inner layer of the arteries over time that restricts blood flow to the heart. These substances can also create an abnormal mass of platelets which become blood clots. The resulting scar tissue from the dead muscle with MI alters the pattern of electrical activity of the heart. These changes in electrical patterns show up clearly in an electrocardiogram (ECG) exam, making it the most important tool available for diagnosing MI. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy In this disease the muscle tissue in the septum that separates the two ventricles become abnormally thickened. The end result is that the ventricular volume is drastically reduced and a smaller amount of blood is ejected from the ventricle at a much higher speed. The speed of ejection and the narrowness of the path of ejection inside the ventricle cause a murmur that can be heard during systole. In addition, the reduced volume of the chamber can interfere with the normal workings of the mitral valve, and mitral regurgitation can occur. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can be caused by hypertension or aortic stenosis, particularly in older people. It may also occur in younger people as a genetically inherited trait known as "familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome This syndrome represents a rare autosomal recessive trait. The fact that it is found more commonly among the Amish people is explained by the founder effect, which occurs when a gene pool is restricted because the population is relatively isolated and has descended from a few individuals. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is characterized by atrial septal defects (see congenital heart defects) which in severe cases result in the affected individual having a single combined atrium. Other manifestations of this disease include extra digits and dwarfism. Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Discussed in the previous cardiomyopathies section. More than 40 mutations have been identified that cause the familial form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. These are inherited as autosomal (non sex-linked) dominant traits. Holt-Orams Syndrome While this autosomal dominant disorder can cause arm abnormalities, it also manifests as an atrial septal defect (ASD) of varying severity. The electrical activity of the heart may also be disturbed due to the ASD. Marfan Syndrome This is an autosomal dominant disorder of varying severity. The disease affects the connective tissue and results in the abnormal length of the extremities: legs, arms, fingers, and toes. Affected individuals may also have problems with their eyes. Marfan syndrome can cause aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection as well as mitral regurgitation and aortic regurgitation. Ward-Romano Syndrome This is a form of long QT syndrome (see cardiac arrhythmia and ECG ) that is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. At least three different genes have been identified, mutations in which can lead to this disease. The long QT interval results from abnormal electrical conduction in the heart and can lead to brief loss of consciousness (syncope) and sudden death.
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You can avoid most risks for heart disease, but family history is one you cannot change. Therefore you have to live a healthier life style. Exercise, stop smoking, eat healthier, watch your cholesterol and blood pressure. All heart related diseases are inherited if there is a family history, especially heart attacks at an early age. Check with your doctor or see a cardiologist and tell them your family history. The can advise you regarding your concerns. Good Luck
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